Single Letter

HAM/1/8/7/22

Letter from Mary Hamilton to Ann Litchfield

Diplomatic Text


2.
      Your Letter, my dearest afforded me inexpre
-ʃsible
satisfaction, as I thought, from the Stile,
it appear'd, that your Spirits were better than
usual. consequently that you were in better
Health -- I imagine you have recd. my 2d letter 2.
wch. I directed to your Brother -- was you not sur-
-prized
at the Language? I did it out of a
Frolick to amuse you -- I did not my dear
inclose the letter, as I imagined you from
ye. post-mark &c. he would be aware it was
for you -- for I did not doubt you had inform'd
him you expected one from ye. Continent &c &c
-- I told you in my last that the Town itself
of Aix[1] had little to recommend it to the cur
-iosity
of Strangers. during our Stay there how-
ever
-- I was Spectator to ------ a curious Event
-- it was the Reception of a Student of Lou-
vain
[2] -- who was recd. wth. ye. highest honours --
upon having gain'd the Prize in the Schools of
Philosophy[3] -- out of 6000 scholars there are
40 examin'd every year & ye. one who gains ye.
Prize is recd. in the City or Town where he
was born wth. every demonstration of Joy --
it happen'd this year that a Native of this
------ ------ Town -- a Wine Merct. Son is the
person who has got the Prize -- it is 140 years
since a person born at Aix has gain one --
& then it was an Ancestor of this young
Man
s. Lady D. & I ------ went in ye. Coach.
through the principle Streets of the Town, -- wch
(to see the preparations) which were ornamented with Triumphal Arches



some of Evergreens -- decorated with a vast quantity
of Flowers, Glaʃs, ribbands colour'd & white Egg shells
-- embroider'd Flags -- with inscriptions in Latin
& German -- others of Paintings with Lamps
& tin ornaments &c. &c. we drove thro' 30 Arches
-- & on each Side of the Streets thro' which the Primus
paʃsed were planted Trees at about 4 feet dis-
tance
from each other, interspersed with flower-
ing
Shrubs & flowers -- about 4 oclock the Bells
began the to ring & the Guns were fired, when he
came to the City gates of the City on Horseback -- upon
a fine white horse / a Crown of Bay upon his
hat & his Hair curl'd & hanging down his Back
tied with Ribbons -- he had his Scolars Gown
on, & a branch of Laurel in his right hand
the Students -- of Louvaine -- Aix la Chappell
&c. attended on Horseback & rode two & two
-- There were drums Trumpets & two bands
of Musick went before the Primus -- who
appear'd to receive his Honors wth. a due pro-
priety
of behaviour -- with a great air of modes
-ty
-- & yet no mauvaise honte. every Window
was fill'd, & every body bow'd as he paʃs'd
wch. he return'd -- after the Proceʃsion -- he
went to the Cathedral where the Te Deum
was sung -- & supt at the Hotel de Ville --
at the expence of the Town. For that day he
wd. take place of any person of the highest
rank -- & every Town he paʃses thro makes him
a present -- the whole amounting to 200L. & he
may chuse whatever Benifice falls within 7



years in the Town of Louvaine -- The feastings
& rejoicings lasted several days -- the day after
His public entry we were invited to the Ball he
gave at the Jesuits Colledge -- & I had the Honor
of dancing with the Primus -- The Streets at
Night were Illuminated in a very pretty manner
by Festoons of Colour'd Lamps in the Arches --
& upon every Tree there was a little lamp. --
-- I hope my Dear Clara this long account will not
appear tedious -- but answer my intention -- that of
affording you some amusement -- wth that view
I will relate another little Aix anecdote -- Ld. D. & I
walk'd out one Morng. & aʃsended a high Hill near
the Town from wch. there is a very Noble Prospec[t]
      -- when we had climb'd about half
      way we found a Cottage & barn
      wch.a poor Woman who lives in the cottage and seems entirely unconnected wth-
      the World -- came out and brought us C---
and without being ask'd went & milkd her ------
for us -- whilst we were sitting & waiting for
Milk. we saw a poor Young woman, wth. a little Sick
Child in her Arms, & two other Children following ------
one wth. Beads & a bottle of holy Water -- ye. other carry---
two small Candles [she] went into the Cottage, & came
out soon again with y[e.] Candles lighted -- She thereafter
went to the door of the large Barn -- wch. had the
appearance of an Old Ruin of a Church -- & made
a sign for us to follow her, wch. we did & to our great
surprize found a place fill with Straw & Wheat
like a Granary wch. we got thro' with difficulty --
at the End of this -- wth no division from ye. Straw &c
but its being Swept back -- was a Chapel -- fill'd
with Crucifixes & wretched Pictures more fit to
inspire dread than devotion -- a large Altar & two
small ones -- a Pulpit, confeʃsional Chair -- on one Side
a Sepulchre wth. the Body of Xt Figure of Christ lying down



dreʃsed in Mourning -- with Mary & two Saints standing
behind him all in mourning -- all miserable decorated -- the
poor woman & her Children kneel'd down before this Sepul-
chre
-- after having put up the lighted Candles on each side -- &
seem'd to offer up her devotion prayers with a devotion that was quite
affecting -- the tears flow'd fast down her cheeks -- & she pray'd in Silence
over ye Sick Child she held in her arms -- all this was without the
least appearance of superstition or Parade it is impoʃsible to
describe justly such a Sort of Scene to any one that was not



present -- but I aʃsure you ------ dear I felt it a most
edyfy edifying one -- we gave y[e] poor unhappy Creature
some small Money wch we had in our pocket she seem'd to
receive as a Bleʃsing from God -- we left her & went thro
the Church & found some remains of Gothick Architecture
-- Pillars &c. & in a large open Vault a prodigious
large Stone Tomb we did not venture in to satify satis
-fy
our Curiosity any farther -- I have sent to Bruʃsells for
Your letter from hence but can hear nothing of it -- am
surpriz'd I have not got it -- as all letters was order'd to be
forwarded to us here -- pray my dear write me some long
letters & direct to the City of London at Dover -- to be
left till call'd for -- English direction -- Adieu my Dr. ------

                             S

T--- Litchfield
      at[4]
      Northampton
      Angleterre[5]

[6]
[7]
[8]

(hover over blue text or annotations for clarification;
red text is normalised and/or unformatted in other panel)


Notes


 1. Aix-la-Chapelle, present-day Aachen.
 2. Another account of the events surroundings this reception can be found on pp.31-34 of Mary Hamilton's diary HAM/2/1.
 3. The so-called ‘Primus of Louvain’ concerns the title that was awarded to ‘the winner of the competition which, at Louvain university, opposes the future bachelors of arts. All through the merry university city, for three to five days, banquets and parades follow each other. Then, the winner is triumphally seen by his professors to the house where he was born.’ (Bruneel Claude. 1987. Le «Primus» de Louvain au XVIIIe siècle. Revue du Nord, tome 69, n°274, Juillet-septembre 1987. La fête au cœur XIVe-XXe siècle, pp.575-589, abstract). From 1765 onwards, the ceremonie took place c.15-20 August (ibid. p.576), but in 1776 it took place on Monday 26 August (see HAM/2/1 p.34).
 4. Pen flourishes have been added to the address, seemingly by a different hand.
 5. The value '1/2' is written to the left of the address, possibly denoting postage due.
 6. Moved address here from middle page, written vertically.
 7. Two stamps, reading 21 OC, indicate the letter went through the post on 21 October.
 8. Remains of a seal, in red wax.

Normalised Text



      Your Letter, my dearest afforded me inexpressible
satisfaction, I thought, from the Style,
it appeared, that your Spirits were better than
usual. consequently that you were in better
Health -- I imagine you have received my 2d letter
which I directed to your Brother -- was you not surprised
at the Language? I did it out of a
Frolic to amuse you -- I did not my dear
enclose the letter, as I imagined from
the post-mark &c. he would be aware it was
for you -- I did not doubt you had informed
him you expected one from the Continent &c &c
-- I told you in my last that the Town itself
of Aix had little to recommend it to the curiosity
of Strangers. during our Stay there however
-- I was Spectator to a curious Event
-- it was the Reception of a Student of Louvain
-- who was received with the highest honours --
upon having gained the Prize in the Schools of
Philosophy -- out of 6000 scholars there are
40 examined every year & the one who gains the
Prize is received in the City or Town where he
was born with every demonstration of Joy --
it happened this year that a Native of this
Town -- a Wine Merchant Son is the
person who has got the Prize -- it is 140 years
since a person born at Aix has gain one --
& then it was an Ancestor of this young
Mans. Lady Dartrey & I went in the Coach.
through the principal Streets of the Town, --
(to see the preparations) which were ornamented with Triumphal Arches



some of Evergreens -- decorated with a vast quantity
of Flowers, Glass, ribbons coloured & white Egg shells
-- embroidered Flags -- with inscriptions in Latin
& German -- others of Paintings with Lamps
& tin ornaments &c. &c. we drove through 30 Arches
-- & on each Side of the Streets through which the Primus
passed were planted Trees at about 4 feet distance
from each other, interspersed with flowering
Shrubs & flowers -- about 4 o'clock the Bells
began to ring & the Guns were fired, when he
came to the gates of the City on Horseback -- upon
a fine white horse / a Crown of Bay upon his
hat & his Hair curled & hanging down his Back
tied with Ribbons -- he had his Scholars Gown
on, & a branch of Laurel in his right hand
the Students -- of Louvaine -- Aix la Chapell
&c. attended on Horseback & rode two & two
-- There were drums Trumpets & two bands
of Music went before the Primus -- who
appeared to receive his Honours with a due propriety
of behaviour -- with a great air of modesty
-- & yet no mauvaise honte. every Window
was filled, & every body bowed as he passed
which he returned -- after the Procession -- he
went to the Cathedral where the Te Deum
was sung -- & supped at the Hotel de Ville --
at the expense of the Town. For that day he
would take place of any person of the highest
rank -- & every Town he passes through makes him
a present -- the whole amounting to 200L. & he
may choose whatever Benefice falls within 7



years in the Town of Louvaine -- The feastings
& rejoicings lasted several days -- the day after
His public entry we were invited to the Ball he
gave at the Jesuits College -- & I had the Honour
of dancing with the Primus -- The Streets at
Night were Illuminated in a very pretty manner
by Festoons of Coloured Lamps in the Arches --
& upon every Tree there was a little lamp. --
-- I hope my Dear Clara this long account will not
appear tedious -- but answer my intention -- that of
affording you some amusement -- with that view
I will relate another little Aix anecdote -- Lord Dartrey & I
walked out one Morning & ascended a high Hill near
the Town from which there is a very Noble Prospect
      -- when we had climbed about half
      way we found a Cottage & barn
      a poor Woman who lives in the cottage and seems entirely unconnected with
      the World -- came out and brought us C---
and without being asked went & milked her ------
for us -- whilst we were sitting & waiting for
Milk. we saw a poor Young woman, with a little Sick
Child in her Arms, & two other Children following ------
one with Beads & a bottle of holy Water -- the other carry---
two small Candles she went into the Cottage, & came
out soon again with the Candles lighted -- She thereafter
went to the door of the large Barn -- which had the
appearance of an Old Ruin of a Church -- & made
a sign for us to follow her, which we did & to our great
surprise found a place fill with Straw & Wheat
like a Granary which we got through with difficulty --
at the End of this -- with no division from the Straw &c
but its being Swept back -- was a Chapel -- filled
with Crucifixes & wretched Pictures more fit to
inspire dread than devotion -- a large Altar & two
small ones -- a Pulpit, confessional Chair -- on one Side
a Sepulchre with the Figure of Christ lying down



dressed in Mourning -- with Mary & two Saints standing
behind him all in mourning -- all miserable decorated -- the
poor woman & her Children kneeled down before this Sepulchre
-- after having put up the lighted Candles on each side -- &
seemed to offer up her prayers with a devotion that was quite
affecting -- the tears flowed fast down her cheeks -- & she prayed in Silence
over the Sick Child she held in her arms -- all this was without the
least appearance of superstition or Parade it is impossible to
describe justly such a Sort of Scene to any one that was not



present -- but I assure you ------ dear I felt it a most
edifying one -- we gave the poor unhappy Creature
some small Money which she seemed to
receive as a Blessing from God -- we left her & went through
the Church & found some remains of Gothic Architecture
-- Pillars &c. & in a open Vault a prodigious
large Stone Tomb we did not venture in to satisfy
our Curiosity any farther -- I have sent to Brussells for
Your letter from hence but can hear nothing of it -- am
surprised I have not got it -- as all letters was ordered to be
forwarded to us here -- pray my dear write me some long
letters & direct to the City of London at Dover -- to be
left till called for -- English direction -- Adieu my Dear

                             S

T Litchfield
      at
      Northampton
      Angleterre



(consult diplomatic text or XML for annotations, deletions, clarifications, persons,
quotations,
spellings, uncorrected forms, split words, abbreviations, formatting)



 1. Aix-la-Chapelle, present-day Aachen.
 2. Another account of the events surroundings this reception can be found on pp.31-34 of Mary Hamilton's diary HAM/2/1.
 3. The so-called ‘Primus of Louvain’ concerns the title that was awarded to ‘the winner of the competition which, at Louvain university, opposes the future bachelors of arts. All through the merry university city, for three to five days, banquets and parades follow each other. Then, the winner is triumphally seen by his professors to the house where he was born.’ (Bruneel Claude. 1987. Le «Primus» de Louvain au XVIIIe siècle. Revue du Nord, tome 69, n°274, Juillet-septembre 1987. La fête au cœur XIVe-XXe siècle, pp.575-589, abstract). From 1765 onwards, the ceremonie took place c.15-20 August (ibid. p.576), but in 1776 it took place on Monday 26 August (see HAM/2/1 p.34).
 4. Pen flourishes have been added to the address, seemingly by a different hand.
 5. The value '1/2' is written to the left of the address, possibly denoting postage due.
 6. Moved address here from middle page, written vertically.
 7. Two stamps, reading 21 OC, indicate the letter went through the post on 21 October.
 8. Remains of a seal, in red wax.

Metadata

Library References

Repository: John Rylands Research Institute and Library, University of Manchester

Archive: Mary Hamilton Papers

Item title: Letter from Mary Hamilton to Ann Litchfield

Shelfmark: HAM/1/8/7/22

Correspondence Details

Sender: Mary Hamilton

Place sent: unknown

Addressee: Ann Litchfield

Place received: Northampton

Date sent: between 26 August and 21 October 1776
notBefore 26 August 1776 (precision: high)
notAfter 21 October 1776 (precision: high)

Letter Description

Summary: Letter from Mary Hamilton to Ann Litchfield. She informs Litchfield of being a spectator at an 'curious event'. A student from Aix where she is visiting won a prize in philosophy at the University of Louvain in competition with 6000 scholars. He is the first student to win this prize in 140 years; the last to do so was an ancestor of his. Hamilton writes for Litchfield's amusement of some of the artworks she viewed in Aix and hopes Litchfield does not find her letter tedious. Hamilton continues her letter with anecdotes and with a description of a woman in mourning that she had met.
    Original reference No. 2.
   

Length: 1 sheet, 1101 words

Transliteration Information

Editorial declaration: First edited in the project 'Unlocking the Mary Hamilton Papers' (Hannah Barker, Sophie Coulombeau, David Denison, Tino Oudesluijs, Cassandra Ulph, Christine Wallis & Nuria Yáñez-Bouza, 2019-2023).

All quotation marks are retained in the text and are represented by appropriate Unicode characters. Words split across two lines may have a hyphen on the first, the second or both fragments (reco-|ver, imperfect|-ly, satisfacti-|-on); or a double hyphen (pur=|port, dan|=ger, qua=|=litys); or none (respect|ing). Any point in abbreviations with superscripted letter(s) is placed last, regardless of relative left-right orientation in the original. Thus, Mrs. or Mrs may occur, but M.rs or Mr.s do not.

Acknowledgements: Transcription and XML version created as part of project 'Unlocking the Mary Hamilton Papers', funded by the Arts & Humanities Research Council under grant AH/S007121/1.

Transliterator: Tino Oudesluijs, editorial team (completed 20 April 2021)

Cataloguer: Lisa Crawley, Archivist, The John Rylands Library

Cataloguer: John Hodgson, Head of Special Collections, John Rylands Research Institute and Library

Copyright: Transcriptions, notes and TEI/XML © the editors

Revision date: 18 December 2021

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